What does the concept of "diplomatic immunity" refer to?

The concept of "diplomatic immunity" refers specifically to the legal immunity granted to diplomats, which protects them from legal action in the host country while they are performing their official duties. This immunity is rooted in international treaties, primarily the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961, which establishes that diplomats are not subject to the jurisdiction of the local courts. This allows them to carry out their functions effectively without interference from the local legal system.

This protection is crucial for ensuring that diplomats can engage in negotiations and represent their country's interests without fear of retribution or legal repercussions. It also encompasses protections against arrest and detention, further highlighting the principle that diplomatic representatives should be able to perform their roles without threat.

Other options do not accurately describe the concept. The first option suggests immunity for all individuals, which is not the case; immunity is reserved for specific roles, particularly those of diplomats. The second option refers to journalists, who operate under different protections, primarily relating to press freedom rather than diplomatic immunity. According to the fourth option, while there are conditions for asylum seekers or specific mutual agreements on certain protocols, diplomatic immunity is not contingent upon these agreements but rather established by international law. Therefore, the correct understanding revolves around the legal immunity granted specifically to